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Manipulation of physical environment and cognition in primates: Ontogenetic development
Kolářová, Anna ; Nekovářová, Tereza (advisor) ; Hradec, Michal (referee)
Cognition is a crucial factor for primates as it allows properly perceive and respond to the surrounding environment. This thesis is devoted to cognitive phenomena, which are often associated with understanding the physical environment and object manipulation. Much attention is focused on causal reasoning, object permanence and tool using. Particular emphasis is placed on the ontogenesis of these cognitive abilities. One of the main questions is how development differs between humans and non-human primates. Despite the fact that non- human primates, just like humans, have a very complex knowledge of the laws of the physical environment, causal reasoning and object permanence develops in a very similar way for these related species, but far from the same way. A large disparity is observed mainly in the area of the pace of development. Tool use in humans and non-human primates is strongly influenced by social learning and traditions. Key words: primates, physical environment, cognitive abilities, causal reasoning, object permanence, object manipulation, tool using, ontogeny
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Changes of physical and functional environments in the neighbourhood of Nusle in Prague
Kozohorský, Tomáš ; Sýkora, Jan (advisor) ; Přidalová, Ivana (referee)
In the last few years certain parts of post-socialist inner cities undergo dynamic transformation as a result of regeneration processes, while other are stagnating. This thesis focuses on changes of physical and functional environment in Nusle neighbourhood in Prague and analyses dynamics of the changes during the last decade. Quantitative data from various sources were used. Firstly, district's housing and residential characteristics are observed at the statistical units' level. Subsequently, the study analyses the change of housing stock quality and structural and spatial transformation of the retail market through field observation. Upgrading physical environment and changes of inner retail market structure were identified. Both environments in Nusle are nowadays spatially diversified. Keywords: inner city, urban revitalization, physical environment, functional environment, Prague
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Gentrification of Karlin district. Current status of physical environment and sociodemographic and economic development after 2002
Richterová, Denisa ; Špačková, Petra (advisor) ; Brabec, Tomáš (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to find out if then Prague quarter of Karlin has been under the process of gentrification recently. Karlin is an inner city and has been going through dynamic changes in the last thirteen years. This is not only because of post-socialist transformation but the regeneration was also accelerated by dealing with the consequences of the flood in 2002. Different census areas of Karlin are classified into three categories according to the degree of gentrification: gentrified, ungentrified and below average areas. The research is based on the results summarizing a field research which determined physical condition of the houses, the result of analyses of ownership and price levels of Karlin houses and the development of sociodemographic and economic structure. Key words: gentrification, post-socialist transformation, physical environment, sociodemographic and economic structure
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The Problematic of Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) Occuring in Office-Buildings in České Budějovice - Health Consequences and Possible Prevention.
ŠVADLENKOVÁ, Radka
A modern person spends most time closed inside houses, offices, schools and other institutions, and if he feels unwell or experiences accute health and comfort effects, his every day life can be highly influenced both mentally and physically. Most symptoms of illnesses or indispositions appear in people living or working inside buildings for no apparent reason. Having left the building, health problems often diminish or even disappear. The complaints mostly include irritation of eye mucous membranes, upper and lower airways and skin, hypersensitiveness, mental and physical fatique, stomach upset and diziness. It is known as a ``sick building syndrome``. ``Sick building syndrome`` (SBS) results into significant decrease of human performance and frequent absences. However, it can lead to worse interpersonal relations, often connected with lower productivity of labour. ``Sick building syndrome`` has been known for many years. Its occurence is numerous but the cause for it have not yet been revealed. More negative factors seem to coincide. The positive moment is that many people are aware of the problem so many new SBS studies and publications have appeared recently. This diploma thesis consists of two parts. The first one, theoretical, and the other is practical. The practical part is focused on research work. The goal of my thesis was to compare a modern air-conditioned building with an older one, without air-conditioning while observing the SBS symptoms which appeared in office occupants in České Budějovice. I also investigated public awareness of this problem together with other issues related. I consider the findings very contributive to professionals in this field, the National Institute of Public Health and common population interested in the problem.
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